SM2BAT+在基于證據(jù)的蝙蝠活動生態(tài)評估調(diào)查力度確定方法中的應(yīng)用
Abstract
Robust ecological assessments are fundamental for effective wildlife conservation. Owing to the high legal protection of bats, surveys are frequently required as part of ecological assessments. Yet there is uncertainty about the amount of survey effort that should be deployed to facilitate bat protection. Bat activity can be extremely variable, and capturing periods of high activity can be as important as estimating parameters such as the median activity level. However the frequency and intensity of surveys required to capture the required information is unknown. Here we assessed the probability that acoustic surveys of differing durations would detect periods of high activity within a focal site and the importance of a site relative to others in a regional or national context. We randomly subsampled from 660 nights of activity data collected from 33 wind farm sites across Britain. The minimum surveying effort required to classify bat activity accurately varied between species and was dependent on weather conditions. We found that the survey periods required to give reasonable cer tainty in assessing risk exceeded those currently recommended in Europe. The approach of using bat activity accumulation curves, as described here, is transferrable to other situations where determining surveying effort and risk is necessary to ensure that ecological assessments provide a robust evidence base, whilst minimising the time and expense of surveys.
摘要：
穩(wěn)健的生態(tài)評估是有效保護(hù)野生動物的基礎(chǔ)。由于蝙蝠受到高度的法律保護(hù)，經(jīng)常需要進(jìn)行調(diào)查作為生態(tài)評估的一部分。然而，為促進(jìn)蝙蝠保護(hù)而應(yīng)投入的調(diào)查工作量尚不確定。蝙蝠活動可能變化極大，捕捉高活動期可能與估計活動水平中位數(shù)等參數(shù)同樣重要。然而，獲取所需信息所需的調(diào)查頻率和強(qiáng)度尚不清楚。在這里，我們評估了不同持續(xù)時間的聲學(xué)調(diào)查在焦點(diǎn)地點(diǎn)內(nèi)檢測到高活動期的概率，以及在區(qū)域或國家背景下，一個地點(diǎn)相對于其他地點(diǎn)的重要性。我們從英國33個風(fēng)電場收集的660個晚上的活動數(shù)據(jù)中隨機(jī)抽樣。準(zhǔn)確分類蝙蝠活動所需的最小調(diào)查工作量因物種而異，并取決于天氣條件。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，在評估風(fēng)險時給予合理確定性所需的調(diào)查期超過了歐洲目前建議的調(diào)查期。如本文所述，使用蝙蝠活動累積曲線的方法可以轉(zhuǎn)移到其他情況，在這些情況下，有必要確定調(diào)查工作和風(fēng)險，以確保生態(tài)評估提供強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)基礎(chǔ)，同時最大限度地減少調(diào)查的時間和費(fèi)用。
關(guān)鍵詞：SM2BAT+，Wildlife Acoustics，蝙蝠監(jiān)測，動物聲學(xué)記錄，蝙蝠活動評估，野生動物監(jiān)測
