SM2在無人值守錄音機監測松雞求偶活動中的應用
Abstract
Capsule: Automated acoustic recording can be used as a valuable survey technique for Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus leks, improving the quality and quantity of field data for this endangered bird species. However, more development work and testing against traditional methods are needed to establish optimal working practices.
Aims: This study aims to determine whether Capercaillie vocalizations can be recognized in lek
recordings, whether this can be automated using readily available software, and whether the
number of calls resulting varies with location, weather conditions, date and time of day.
Methods: Unattended recording devices and semi-automated call classification software were used to record and analyse the display calls of Capercaillie at three known lek sites in Scotland over a twoweek period.
Results: Capercaillie calls were successfully and rapidly identified within a data set that included the vocalizations of other bird species and environmental noise. Calls could be readily recognized to species level using a combination of unsupervised software and manual analysis. The number of calls varied by time and date, by recorder/microphone location at the lek site, and with weather conditions. This information can be used to better target future acoustic monitoring and
improve the quality of existing traditional lek surveys.
Conclusion: Bioacoustic methods provide a practical and cost-effective way to determine habitat
occupancy and activity levels by a vocally distinctive bird species. Following further testing alongside traditional counting methods, it could offer a significant new approach towards more effective monitoring of local population levels for Capercaillie and other species of conservation concern.
摘要：
膠囊：自動聲學記錄可以作為一種有價值的調查技術，用于調查四頭烏雞，提高這種瀕危鳥類的野外數據的質量和數量。然而，需要更多的開發工作和對傳統方法的測試來建立最佳的工作實踐。
目的：本研究旨在確定是否可以在lek錄音中識別Capercailie發聲，是否可以使用現成的軟件自動識別，以及產生的呼叫數量是否因位置、天氣條件、日期和時間而異。
方法：使用無人值守記錄設備和半自動呼叫分類軟件，在兩周內記錄和分析顯示蘇格蘭三個已知求偶地點的松雞的呼叫。
結論：生物聲學方法提供了一種實用且經濟高效的方法來確定具有聲音特征的鳥類的棲息地占有率和活動水平。在與傳統計數方法一起進行進一步測試后，它可以為更有效地監測松雞和其他受保護物種的當地種群水平提供一種重要的新方法。
關鍵詞：SM2+，鳥類鳴叫記錄，野生動物聲學監測，無人值守聲學記錄器
